There is mixed scientific research regarding the connection between cold weather and joint pain. Some studies suggest that certain conditions in the atmosphere, such as a change in barometric pressure, can cause increased joint pain. Barometric pressure is a measure of the pressure in the surrounding air. When this air pressure drops—which is common in the winter months—it can cause bones, muscles and tendons to expand. As a result, the joints within the body experience increased pressure, making it more painful for some individuals to move and flex their joints.